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The scientists of the fgbi "VGNKI" create a universal method of species identification of fish meat in food products.
To improve the system of quality control of fishery products, the specialists of the supervised experts from the Federal state budget institution "Russian state Center of quality and standardization medicines for animals and feed" (fgbi "VGNKI") are developing a new molecular genetic technique that allows to differentiate the meat of fish closely related species in food products.
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The technique is suitable for multi-component products (fish products, prepared fish products, canned) and will provide an opportunity to more effectively identify counterfeit products. Research work is conducted in 2016, her latest results were presented by the staff of the molecular biology Department of the fgbi "VGNKI" at the 40th International conference on environmental and food monitoring, held from 19 to 22 June this year in Santiago de Compostela (Spain).

Substitution of one fish to other, cheaper, not only leads to reduced quality and nutritional value of fish product, but in some cases harm the health of consumers. Earlier in 2015, researchers of the fgbi "VGNKI" has developed a method for species identification of meat from animals and fish in the one-component food product (e.g. fish fillet). The technique is based on sequencing of a fragment of the mitochondrial genome and comparing the obtained nucleotide sequence with the known sequences from the databases and provides an opportunity to determine the species of meat of commercial fish, mammals and reptiles a wide range of species. Based on this methodology was developed GOST 34106-2017, and the results of the work of scientists published in the journal "veterinary medicine".

The new technique, which will allow you to differentiate the meat of fish closely related species also in multi-component products based on high-performance next generation sequencing.

In the first stage of work on new method of the fgbi "VGNKI" analyzed the nucleotide sequences of the genomes of fish from public databases GenBank and selected parts of the genomes that are most suitable for species identification. Then was chosen the universal primers that have been synthesized in several sites of the mitochondrial genome (genes of cytochrome суtB, cytochrome COI, 16S rRNA). Primers – short fragments of nucleic acids, which are used to copy need to identify the species of DNA. Scientists have optimized the PCR conditions and methods of DNA sequencing system high-throughput sequencing Illumina Miseq System.

The new technique will enable to determine what species of fish made the product even in canned fish products with high degree of degradation of the DNA. To solve this problem failed due to work with short fragments of another area of the genome, gene 12S rRNA. Currently created an algorithm to analyze the output for easier interpretation of the results.

This year researchers of the fgbi "VGNKI" are working on further optimization of the method for routine investigations and plan to prepare a new publication in the framework of the determination of the species composition of the fish production.



Translated by service "Yandex.Translation"
Источники: Agro2b
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